To help students with word attack, we recommend they develop a toolkit of strategies:
Cross check: Make sure the word makes sense using the surrounding words and pictures
Chunk the word: Chunk the word into known parts. Sometimes the known parts are made up of little words (e.g. at-ten-dance) and sometimes it's made up of known patterns (e.g. tr-ain)
Stretch the Sounds: After chunking into known parts, stretch out the sounds of those parts